While the Higgs boson gives mass to the quarks that make up a proton, it is only responsible for giving a proton about 10% of its mass. One theoretical model of new physics predicts five Higgs bosons. There may be more than one Higgs boson. The Higgs boson gets its mass just like other particles-from its own interactions with the Higgs field. This discovery led to the 2013 Nobel Prize in Physics being awarded to Higgs and Englert. Scientists confirmed its existence in 2012 through the ATLAS and CMS experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN in Switzerland. The Higgs boson was proposed in 1964 by Peter Higgs, François Englert, and four other theorists to explain why certain particles have mass. For example, the photon, which is the particle of light and carries the electromagnetic force, has no mass at all. A particle’s mass determines how much it resists changing its speed or position when it encounters a force. The Higgs boson is the fundamental particle associated with the Higgs field, a field that gives mass to other fundamental particles such as electrons and quarks. The field is confined by a steel “yoke” that forms the bulk of the detector’s 14,000-tonne weight. This takes the form of a cylindrical coil of superconducting cable that generates a field of 4 tesla, about 100,000 times the magnetic field of the Earth. The CMS detector is built around a huge solenoid magnet. It has a broad physics program ranging from studying the Standard Model (including the Higgs boson) to searching for extra dimensions and particles that could make up dark matter. The strong force has the opposite effect: It is weak when two particles are close to each other, but strong - extremely strong - if you try to pull them apart.The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) is a general-purpose detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The effect of gravity depends on the fact that the two objects are not too far from each other, and the closer they are to each other the stronger the force of gravity will be. It cannot be compared to gravity, which also has the ability to keep two objects close together, said researchers. If we can understand this force, we can explain and predict new physical phenomena like new particles,” said Ryttov. “It must happen similarly to quarks binding together to form protons and neutrons. We know that there must be a force that binds them together so that they together can create something bigger than themselves, something composite a Higgs particle. 
“We are interested in the pursuit of such as yet unknown particles. So far it has however not been possible to prove their existence, said researchers. They all predict that there must be one or more types of particles that are even smaller than the Higgs particle. Over the past 5-8 years, a handful of theories have drawn particular interest from particle physicists. My review just leaves them just stronger,” he said. “There seems to be no new or unseen weaknesses. Ryttov referred to the theories that have been put forward over the last five years for the existence of particles in the universe that are smaller than the Higgs particle. “I gave them a very critical review,” said Thomas Ryttov, particle physicist from the University of Southern Denmark. The result: The existence of the yet unseen particles is now more likely than ever,” researchers said. However theories predict their existence, and now the most important of these theories have been critically tested.
“Nobody has seen them yet particles that are smaller than the Higgs particle. These particles together with the fundamental forces form the basis of the observed matter in the universe. The so-called techni-quarks can be the yet unseen particles, smaller than the Higgs particle that will form a natural extension of the Standard Model which includes three generations of quarks and leptons. There are unknown particles floating around the universe that may be even smaller than the Higgs boson, the ‘God particle’ discovered in 2012, scientists say.
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